In Japan, the seasons play a central role in determining the flavors and colors of the food. While greenhouses and modern transportation networks allow “seasonal” produce to be had all year round, there's an irresistible draw to the fleeting seasonality of ingredients. That's why there's still a great emphasis placed on the seasons.
Matsutake mushrooms are the embodiment of this fixation on seasonality with a primary season lasting just a few short weeks during fall. They have a bouncy, almost crunchy texture when cooked, and exude a clean earthy aroma reminiscent of cedar.
Like porcini's and truffles, Matsutake mushrooms are difficult to cultivate, which means the ones you buy in the store where most likely foraged by hand by someone. Combined with their relative rarity and high demand and you have yourself one pricey fungus. Just one mushroom can fetch several hundred dollars in Japan and boxes can go for thousands of dollars.
Luckily for those of us in the North America, they're pretty abundant in the Pacific Northwest and because they're relatively unknown there isn't a ton of consumer demand. I've seen them at farmers markets and upscale grocers for as little as $15 per pound, comparable to other foraged mushrooms.
While we don't really think of rice as being new or old in the States, Shinmai (新米), or "new rice" is another hallmark of fall in Japan. Because fresh rice has a higher water content, it has a better texture and flavor than rice that's been sitting on a shelf for a year.
Matsutake gohan (松茸ご飯) or "pine mushroom rice" combines these two seasonal delicacies into a uniquely fragrant rice dish that exemplifies the essence of Japanese cuisine. It’s simplicity belies the depth of complex flavours that come together in this humble bowl of rice, and its presence on menus heralds the coming of fall.
I like to cook the rice in konbu dashi because it boosts the level of umami in the dish without getting in the way of the mushrooms. This allows the Matsutakes to take center stage in this dish showcasing their unique texture and flavor.
Like a solo performance without a backing track, matsutake rice is made synergistically better with the addition of some mitsuba and sudachi zest to help accent the bold flavor of the mushroom. Mitsuba, which literally means "3 leaves" is an herb that looks a bit like giant cilantro, but it's flavor profile is quite different with a fresh woody flavor that's somewhere between carrot tops and celery. Sudachi, is a small green citrus that's available in fall with a flavor profile that's like a cross between green mandarins and grapefruit.
Both can be a little tough to find in the US, but they should be available in large Japanese grocery stores. If you can't find them, you can certainly make matsutake gohan without them and you could try substituting other green citrus zest for the sudachi.
📖 Recipe
Units
Ingredients
- 130 grams Matsutake mushrooms
- 320 grams Japanese short grain rice (2 cooker cups)
- 1 ½ cups dashi konbu
- 1 teaspoon soy sauce
- 1 teaspoon sake
- ½ teaspoon salt
- 5 sprigs mitsuba (chopped)
- 1 sudachi (optional)
Instructions
- Thoroughly clean the dirt and sand off of the mushrooms using a damp paper towel. If you find the dirt particularly stubborn, you can use a knife to scrape away a layer of mushroom. But avoid washing the mushroom as this will wash away some of the flavor.
- Put the rice in a strainer and wash until the water runs almost clear. Drain the rice thoroughly and then put it in a heavy bottomed pot (or a rice cooker pot).
- Shred the matsutake by scoring the stem and pulling the mushrooms apart into segments.
- If you are using a rice cooker, add the soy sauce, sake and salt and pour the konbu dashi in until the water level rises to just under the 2 cup line.
- Add the Matsutake mushrooms and cook according to your rice cooker directions.
- If you are cooking this on the stove, put the rice in a heavy bottomed pot with a lid and add the konbu dashi, soy sauce, sake and salt.
- Let the rice rest for 1 hour. While this isn't necessary it will improve the texture of the rice.
- Bring the rice to a boil over high heat and then cover with a lid and lower the heat to maintain a gentle simmer. Set the timer for 15 minutes.
- Without opening the lid, turn the heat off and let the rice steam for another 10 minutes.
- When the rice is done stir in the mitsuba and sudachi zest and serve hot sprinkled with a little finishing salt such as fleur de sel.
mb says
I finally came across a few of these, foraged in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. I can't wait to try them.
paper frenzy ☆ says
I miss Japan so much sometimes -- mainly for the FOOD. This definitely takes me back. <3
stephanie says
September 22, 2013: couple days ago, I climbed Sourdough Mtn (N. Cascades) w some friends and came across an abundance of matsutake, among other delectable wild edibles. At ~ 4000 ft, it appears to be blueberry season in full force. This evening, I made matsutake gohan, with a few modifications of this recipe based on recommendations from my Japanese mother, who is also a big fan of foraging and eating matsutake. This turned out amazing, and I'm bringing it to a brunch in the morning.
- doubled recipe, but probably tripled seasoning ingredients
- omitted shimeji
- served with chiffonade fresh shiso leaves
Vee says
Regular lime doesn't seem quite right for this, and in general my area of New England doesn't see citrus much more exotic than kumquats... (And sadly my makrut lime tree has not borne fruit in all the time I've owned it.) Would this be okay with a little Meyer lemon rind, or is it better to just omit citrus rind altogether?
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Vee, if I were going to use any other citrus it would probably be meyer lemon. That said, this is delicious without any citrus zest as well, so try it without the zest and then add some later to change it up.
Vee says
Thanks! Your recipe inspired me to order matsutake, but I was having a hard time finding the citrus. 😀
carmela says
the konbu dashi did make a huge difference instead of using the usual powdered seasoning 🙂 we don't have pine mushroom available in our dorm so we used canned mushrooms instead. is that okay? oh by the way sir marc, i have a question. what certain points do you consider first when buying or choosing a rice cooker?
Vee says
It turned out delicious! The meyer lemon zest added a nice fragrant, slightly sour note. I'm having it with matsutake dobin mushi. Tomorrow, I'm going to try grilling the rest of the matsutake. (Mushrooms three ways! Yesss!)
MK says
We loved making this, thank you! Used cutting celery and meyer lemon zest as substitutes, worked perfectly.
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi MK, I'm glad to hear you enjoyed it! Great idea subbing in celery and meyer lemon zest!