
Japanese Curry is a roux thickened stew that typically includes a protein, onions, carrots, and potatoes. It comes in varying levels of spiciness; still, most Japanese curries have a sauce the texture of a thick gravy, which makes it pair well with Japanese short-grain rice, referred to as Curry Rice, of Kare Raisu. Thinner curries make Japanese rice lose its stickiness, which is considered undesirable.
Most people are surprised to hear that Japan has its own version of curry, and the reaction makes sense, given that most Japanese foods have a more subtle flavor profile.
The history of curry in Japan dates back about 150 years to the early Meiji era when military advisors from the British Empire introduced the concept of curry as an efficient means to feed a large number of hungry troops. These young men would take their newly acquired taste for curry home, and by 1906 there was at least one company producing and "instant" curry mix.
House Foods followed with their version in 1926, and in 1954, SB Foods released the first solid curry roux. Its popularity has only grown since then. House Foods introduced its "Vermont Curry" in 1963, and it's become the top-selling brand. These days, the shelves of every convenience store and supermarket are lined with reheatable packets of premade curry, as well as a myriad of curry-flavored foods such as chips, crackers, noodles, and fried rice.
Because many Japanese people are not used to eating spicy foods, curry in Japan has a balancing sweetness that's added using ingredients such as fruit, honey, or even sugar. The fat and flour roux also tends to make it much thicker than most curries. Finally, since the Japanese version of curry originally came from Europe, the ingredients (such as potatoes and carrots) are more like a stew than other Asian curries. You can check out all of my curry recipes here which includes variations of Japanese curry as well as curries from around the world.
These days, most Japanese households use blocks of instant curry roux that look a bit like a giant chocolate bar. They're produced and sold by brands such as SB Foods, House Foods, and Glico, and they come in sweet, medium, and spicy varieties. The curry is made by sautéing onions and then adding a protein (such as chicken, pork, or beef), carrots and potatoes along with water before cooking it until the meat and potatoes are tender. The roux blocks go in at the very end to season and thicken the curry sauce.
Although they taste great, these Japanese curry roux blocks are often loaded with hydrogenated fats, sugar, and MSG, as well as other questionable additives. This is why I've been working on a recipe for making Japanese Curry from scratch for over 10 years. The rich flavor is accomplished by thoroughly caramelizing the onions, and I have a few hacks to help out this process. I also have a great method for chopping onions here.
Although they won't admit it, many restaurants also use packaged sauce mixes to make their curry, the way they set their curry apart from others is through technique and the use of Kakushiaji.
Kakushiaji (隠し味) literally means "hidden taste," and it's a cooking technique that involves adding a very small quantity of a contrasting ingredient to make subtle improvements to the taste of the dish. In the case of curry, this includes things like coffee, chocolate, vanilla, butter, chutney, fruit, Worcestershire sauce, etc.
The idea is to add just enough to make a subtle change, but not enough to be able to tell you've added that ingredient. For this curry recipe, the kakushiaji ingredients include banana, soy sauce, and cocoa powder. The banana adds sweetness and a silky texture to the sauce, you want to use a ripe (yellow, but no brown speckles yet) banana. The soy sauce adds loads of umami, and the cocoa powder lends an earthy depth as well as a rich brown color.
Once you've tried this recipe as written, I encourage you to experiment with different combinations of kakushiaji ingredients to come up with a curry that fits your ideal for a perfect Japanese Curry.
Since curry powder is a blend of spices, herbs, and aromatics the ingredients vary by brand. Generally most Japanese curry powders include: Turmeric, Cumin, Coriander, Fenugreek, Fennel, Dill, Cinnamon, Ginger, Star Anise, Allspice, Citrus Zest (yuzu or mandarin), Cardamom, Cloves, Bay Leaves, and Black Pepper. I have a recipe of making homemade Japanese curry powder if you want to try making it yourself.
The standard vegetables are carrots, and potatoes, but variations exist by region, as well as from household to household. For example, in Okinawa, they add piman (a kind of green pepper). My mom always added celery to hers and finished it with some green peas for color. I've even seen versions with corn, burdock, taro, or sweet potatoes. Like most stews, I think there's a lot of room for creativity here, and it's a chance to do some cleanup of your veggie drawer.
It includes soy sauce, so it isn't, but since there's no Japanese curry roux in this, there is no wheat flour in it. To make it gluten-free, just make sure you're using a gluten-free soy sauce (such as tamari).
Since this recipe doesn't contain butter or chicken stock, it's straightforward to make vegan. Just substitute your favorite plant-based protein for the chicken. I also have a vegan Japanese curry recipe that's loaded with mushrooms and chickpeas that you can check out.
Like ramen, curry is a whole sub-genre of Japanese cuisine which means there are a ton of variations. Keema curry is a popular-style of dry curry made from ground meat that comes together in minutes. Katsu Curry on the other hand is a mashup of Tonkatsu smothered in Japanese curry sauce. Then there are regional variations like Soup Curry, which originated in Sapporo on the northern island of Hokkaido. And if you're in the mood for noodles, Curry Udon has got you covered. If you find yourself craving Japanese Curry but you're pressed for time, check out my Quick Japanese Curry, which comes together in about the time it takes to cook rice.
📖 Recipe
Units
Ingredients
- 1 tablespoon vegetable oil
- 800 grams boneless skin-on chicken thighs (cut into large bite-size pieces)
- 30 grams ginger (grated)
- 20 grams garlic (grated)
- ¼ cup water
- 1 teaspoon salt
- ⅛ teaspoon baking soda
- 600 grams onions (2 large minced)
- 70 grams carrot (grated)
- 24 grams Japanese Curry Powder (~3 tablespoons)
- 4 cups vegetable stock
- 1 banana
- 400 grams potatoes
- 300 grams carrots
- 1 bay leaf
- 1 star anise
- 2 tablespoons soy sauce
- 1 tablespoon chunou sauce
- 1 tablespoon tomato paste
- 2 teaspoons cocoa powder
Instructions
- Add the salt and baking soda to the water and mix until dissolved.
- Add the vegetable oil to a heavy-bottomed pot such as a dutch oven and heat over medium-high heat until the oil is shimmering (but not smoking).
- Add the chicken in a single layer with the skin-side down and fry undisturbed until the skin is browned and crisp (about 3 minutes). Flip the chicken over and brown the second side.
- When the chicken is browned on both sides, remove it from the pan and add grated ginger and garlic. Saute until you have a thick layer of brown fond on the bottom of the pot and the mixture is caramelized.
- Add the onions along with the baking soda solution and quickly give it a stir to coat the onions evenly with the mixture. Cover the pot with a lid and turn down the leat to low, allowing the onions to steam for 10 minutes.
- Remove the lid and turn up the heat to medium-high, boiling the mixture until there is very little liquid left.
- Add the grated carrot and fry the mixture by stirring and then spreading the vegetables into an even layer and then stirring again until the onions are fully caramelized, and the mixture is cinnamon brown.
- Add the curry powder and stir the mixture together until it is very fragrant (about 1 minute). Be careful not to burn it.
- Add the vegetable stock and banana, and then use a stick blender to puree the mixture until smooth.
- Now you want to return the chicken to the pot along with the potatoes, carrots, soy sauce, chunou sauce, tomato paste, bay leaf, star anise, and cocoa powder.
- Adjust the heat to maintain a gentle simmer and then let this cook until the carrots and potatoes are tender (about 1 hour). You'll want to mix the curry every 10 minutes or so to make sure it is not burning to the bottom of the pot.
- The curry is done when the vegetables and chicken are tender, and the sauce is very thick. Taste the curry and adjust the seasonings with salt and cayenne pepper to taste. If you like a looser curry, you can add water to thin it out.
- Serve the Japanese curry with Japanese short-grain rice.
CHIDOG says
This is really interesting. I might try some chutney in my next batch. This time I used a little sake and chicken broth. So it had better umami flavor. Vermont curry available in the Japanese store has an apple and honey version. It was good but I'm always looking to take recipes up a notch. Also, I bought yamaimo ( mountain yam) but didn't use it because it might be too slimy. I will try your great suggestions..Thanks.
Marc Matsumoto says
Great idea adding sake for some added umami! Yamaimo would be an interesting addition to curry. I've never heard of anyone adding it to curry, but once you cook it it's kind of a like a potato so I guess it could work. I have a faster version of this recipe that comes together in about 30 minutes coming out at the end of next week so stay tuned for that.
Elaine says
I'm gathering all the needed ingredients for this recipe. I can't wait to make this curry. All the Jpn brick curries have MSG which my body can't handle.
Marc Matsumoto says
I hope you enjoy it!
Fredric says
You're 2/3rds on your way to a mirepoix here, have you considered adding celery to this recipe and see if that elevates it further? Or did you already try and decided against it?
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Fredric, good question! Mirepoix is a French aromatic mix, but different countries have their own version (like sofrito, suppengrün, or zazharka). They all contain slight different ingredients that suit the cuisines they're used in. The flavor of celery is not used much in Japanese-style dishes and it's not an ingredient that appears in most curry roux mixes. This why I didn't include it in this recipe. That being said, I have made it using celery before and although it doesn't have the traditional Japanese curry flavor it does taste good, so if you want to do it, I say go for it!
Kathleen Yanaga says
Hi Marc - I’ve been following your different versions of this Japanese curry recipe for quite some time and really enjoy making it. I was wondering if you have a Japanese version for my mom. She’s watched me make it but would like to try it when she gets home. Thanks!
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Kathleen, thanks for checking the recipe out! Are you asking if I have a version written in Japanese? If so, I don't. You can put it into a translator like https://deepl.com to translate it into Japanese.
Michelle C. says
Hi Marc! I made this last night for dinner and I have to say it did come out pretty much identically to S&B Golden medium boxed curry roux! Your recipes are probably the only on the internet that I trust to follow exactly, so I did go ahead with adding the banana for thickness. The curry had the tiniest hint of banana but my husband did not notice at all until I told him (he was so surprised haha). I used a banana on the small side that still had a slight green stem but tiny brown speckles if anybody reading through the comments is wondering. I also used S&B curry powder, but I did go with 20g instead of 24 to make it a tiny bit less spicy which was perfect for us (I feel like my kitchen scale kinda sucks cause 20g was already more than 3tbsp of curry powder). I was so intrigued with the baking soda/salt/water mix at the beginning, but what a great trick to not only get the fond off the bottom of a stainless pan, but also break down the onion quickly!! I'll definitely be making this again! Thanks for sharing!
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Michelle, I'm honored that you think so highly of my recipes! Thank you for reporting back on the specifics of what you did and how it went! Have a wonderful weekend!
Be Lay says
Hi Marc,
Sorry but what is the purpose of the baking soda in your Japanese curry concoction? Thank you.
All best,
Be Lay
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Be Lay, the purpose of the baking soda is explained in the video in more detail, but to sum it up it speeds up the caramelization of the aromatics.
stella says
hi mark,
what size pot do we need to use?
Marc Matsumoto says
I did this in an 8 quart pot.
Brian says
Hi Mark,
Quick question - my wife is allergic to banana, is there a recommended alternative? Or should we just omit? Really looking forward to trying this next week.
Brian says
Oh, and what do you recommend if we can't find chunou sauce?
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Brian, a 50:50 mix of ketchup and Worcestershire sauce will make a suitable substitute. As for banana, there isn't a straight forward 1:1 subsitute. The main reason it's added is as a natural sweetener but it also helps thicken the sauce. You can substitute honey or sugar for sweetness, and to thicken the curry you could add a water and potato starch slurry at the very end if it's not thick enough.
chieko says
My mother is Japanese, born in Kobe, raised in Osaka. She always used S&B curry powder, browning it with flour to make a dry roux. I loved that aroma when I was a kid. Her protein of choice was beef or lamb and her curry reminded me of a hearty stew seasoned with curry. It was a weekly staple at our home when I was a kid. She never added fruit or honey and no star anise and she did kick up the heat level plus there was always some type of hot sauce on the table. I'm making some later today but I'm using goat neck bones. Looking forward to it as I type. Thanks! 🙂
Marc Matsumoto says
Love the idea of doing this with goat! Thank you for sharing how your mom made her's. This is one of the things I love about Japanese cuisine, each household has their unique way of making the classics. My mom added celery and peas to her curry and it wasn't until I moved to Japan that I realized that wasn't normal. 😅
Chieko says
Oops, forgot to rate!
To add to my previous post, I cooked the goat neck bones and aromatics in my PC, removed the meat from the bones, roasted the bones then put them back in the PC to make a rich stock. Strained this and when everything else is done, I will add the goat meat.
Marc Matsumoto says
Thanks for coming back to rate, and for the details on your goat curry. It sounds fantastic!
March says
Hello there. I don't have an immersion blender, so can I skip over the portion of the recipe that calls for a banana?
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi March, do you have a regular blender or a food processor? You will need something to puree the vegetables and fruit as this is what thickens the curry.
Yvonne Christensen says
Thank you for the recipe. My husband and I first tasted Japanese curry at a potluck in Hawaii. We have shared the idea of using Japanese curry with people, who do not like hot curry. One man was not going to even try it until reassured it was NOT hot, but I don't think he really believed it was NOT hot, until he tried it. He was so pleased!!! My daughter-in- law has used Japanese curry feed large groups of teens and they love it. My original. Curry recipe came with many toppings, but I now use the packages of Japanese curry with it. Thanks so much for teaching how to make our Japanese curry
Marc Matsumoto says
You're welcome Yvonne! Curry is a whole sub-genre of food here in Japan and there are so many variations. I hope you enjoy this!
astuga says
Exceptional!
Marc Matsumoto says
Thank you!
Archit says
I remember coming across your curry recipes sometime in 2015, where your earlier... let's call them prototypes, used apples instead of banana here. I remember immensely enjoying cooking and eating that dish, whether by myself, with family or friends. Once this version came out (pretty sure it must've been like 2 or 3 years ago), I figured I'd not get stuck with the previous version and give this a shot. I also remember being a bit more invested into trying ingredients that were somewhat novel in the dishes I was attempting, so I was pleasantly surprised at how well this dish did.
I don't usually comment anywhere, but I recently came back to this site for old times' sake and figured I'd check out what you've been cooking up. One question I had for the longest time, especially since I've been experimenting a bit more with my recipes:
What do you think of the curry recipe that Adam Liaw's presented here?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YTmqExyU58
Just wanted to say, the last time I read your post on this version, you had mentioned that you wanted to emulate the feel of the roux blocks sold in stores, but without all the extra additives, so I certainly understand that obviously your recipes are going to be very different in approach. And obviously the protein chosen is also different, so there's certainly going to be some differences that are unavoidable.
Would appreciate your thoughts on it.
Marc Matsumoto says
Hi Archit, thanks for dropping by! It's not really good form for me to comment on other people's recipes, so I'll refrain from that, but I will say that I like Adam Liaw and his recipes in general. I have a whole category of curry dishes you can check out here: https://norecipes.com/recipe/type/curry/
Bea107 says
This is my first time making and tasting Japanese curry. This recipe was a hit in my household. I will be making this again. I can't wait to make it for a potluck. Thank you for sharing this delicious and healthy meal!
Marc Matsumoto says
I'm so happy to hear your household enjoyed it! Thanks for taking the time to come back and let me know😀
anubhav malhotra says
i like your dish
Mitch says
Making this receipt tonight and it smells great so far.
Our last trip to Japan, we fell in love with Kanazawa style curry like at Gorilla curry. What should we add to this receipt to get that darker brown type of curry?
Marc says
Hi Mitch, this curry recipe makes a fairly dark colored curry thanks to the soy sauce and cocoa powder, but other ingredients that can contribute to a curry's color include coffee and red wine.
Heath McGregor says
Don't use too much or the mandarin peel in the curry powder it's super bitter. Now I have a heap of extra bitter powder I don't know how to fix. Curry was nice even though too bitter
Marc says
Yikes, sorry to hear that! did you use store bought dried mandarin peels or did you dry them yourself?
Heath McGregor says
It was store bought. Next time I will try to make my own removing all the pith. I read you can remove bitterness from dried store bought ones through a soaking process, and then I guess dry them again to put in curry powder
Marc says
That's a good idea. You might need to experiment a little, but I think you'll have more control over the bitterness if you do it yourself. The varieties of mandarin we get in Japan have very thin skin and they're not all that bitter (even with the pith) so I usually just scrub them very well and peel them in wide strips. Then cut them into thin strips before sun-drying (if you dry them whole they not only take longer, they're harder to grind into a powder). Alternatively you could also try zesting fresh mandarins and then drying the zest, but this is going to require a TON to get enough zest and you might find that it makes the citrus flavor too intense.